The potential application of finite element modelling of flood plain inundation to predict patterns of overbank deposition
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چکیده
Mathematical modelling of overbank inundation and flows faces many problems and is still in its infancy. Work to date has generally been restricted to small reaches. Large-scale models based on longer reaches of river channel are likely to be of greater value for engineering and flood plain management purposes, but the problems associated with the transition from small to large scales need to be assessed. A large-scale finite element model, RMA-2, has been applied to the flood plain of the lower reaches of the River Culm in southeast Devon, UK. Patterns of radiocaesium accumulation by overbank accretion during flood water inundation were used to assess the potential of using such models for explaining sedimentation rates and patterns. A strong correlation was found between values of the Cs inventory and surface concentration and the predicted flood water patterns derived using the RMA-2 model. Except where recession pondage occurs, an inverse relationship existed between ' Cs deposition and water depth. However, the discretization model developed cannot presently cope with large-scale compartmentalization of flows by barriers to flow and small-scale local features, such as ditches crossing the flood plain and the microtopography of the flood plain. This study appraises the potential for using the RMA-2 model to predict patterns of overbank deposition and represents an initial stage in the development of an integrated model of hydraulic and sediment dynamics. Evaluation ie la modélisation en éléments finis de l'Inondation d'un lit majeur pour la prévision des caractéristiques des dépôts de crue Résumé La modélisation mathématique des inondations et des crues rencontre de nombreuses difficultés et en est encore à ses débuts. Le travail effectué jusqu'à ce jour s'est généralement limité à de petites surfaces. Des modèles à grande échelle réalisés sur de plus grandes surface de lits de rivières auraient probablement plus de valeur dans une optique d'ingénierie ou de gestion des plaines inondables, mais les problèmes liés au passage de la petite à la grande échelle doivent être pris en considération. Un modèle mathématique à grande échelle, le RMA-2, a été appliqué aux plaines inondables de la rivière Culm, dans le sud-est du Devon, en Grande-Bretagne. Des traces d'accumulation de radiocaesium apparues pendant les inondations dues aux crues peuvent être utilisées pour évaluer le potential d'utilisation de tels modèles en vue d'expliquer les taux de sédimentation et les dépôts observés. Une forte corrélation a pu être établie entre le bilan en Cs et les concentrations de surface d'une part et les caractéristiques des eaux de crues prédites par le modèle RMA-2 d'autre part. Mis à part là où sont observées des flaques résiduelles, un rapport inverse existe les dépôts de Cs et la profondeur de l'eau. Cependant, le modèle de discrétisation développé ne peut, à l'heure actuelle, Open for discussion until I June 1998 860 D. J. Simm et al. surmonter les difficultés dues au compartimentage à grande échelle des courants par les digues ou barrages et aux caractéristiques locales à petite échelle, comme la microtopographie des plaines inondables po les rigoles les traversant transversalement. Cette étude évalue le potentiel d'utilisation du modèle RMA-2 pour prévoir les dépôts sédimentaires et constitue le stade initial du développement d'un modèle intégré de dynamique hydraulique et sédimentaire.
منابع مشابه
River Flood Plains: Some Observations On Their Formation
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تاریخ انتشار 1997